GEMSTONES HISTORY AND PROPERTIES

AFRICAN JADE

GEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES

African Jade: The name African jade is used to describe an opaque grossular garnet that comes from South African mines and resembles jade. Also known as buddstone, garnet jade, and Transvaal jade, these semi-precious beads often contain a mix of light green, pink and white.

African Jade is forest green in color with beautiful "marbling" in faint patterns of lighter greens. African Jade is not really jade, but a form of garnet strongly resembling jade that is mined in Southern Africa. It was often mistaken for jade in the ancient oriental jade market.

METAPHYSICAL PROPERTIES

It resonates well with each main energy centre of the being, helping to bring harmony to the mind, body, and spirit. Jade overall is a gentle natured stone, loving, soothing, caring and uplifting. It is a stone that gives support in times of need, and a hand of hope.

Note: All properties listed have been collected from various sources. This information is not meant to treat medical conditions. You should always follow the advice of medical professionals per their diagnoses. Tracey’s Treasures LLC does not guarantee the validity of any of the information collected.

AGATE

GEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES

Agate was discovered in France between 20,000 to 16,000 B.C. Some Agate found in Australia, however, can date back 2.72 to 3.50 billion years.

For the past 6,000 years, Agate has been used by various civilizations. In ancient Mesopotamia, Agate signified strength and was carved into cylinder seals utilized for official documents in business transactions. Because of Agate’s strength, many of these seals have survived unharmed and continue to give historians a deeper understanding of that era. Agates are formed from layers of quartz laid in bands.

In Ancient China, wearing Agate was believed to purify the mind and energize a person’s chi. During medieval times, Agate was tied to the horns of oxen to promote good harvest. In some legends, Agate is believed to calm thunder and lightning storms.

Agate is found in Africa, Brazil, India, Morocco, the United States, and many other places.

Agate is a birthstone associated with the months of May, June and even September, depending on the culture. Agate as a general gemstone is also connected to the Zodiac signs Gemini and Capricorn.

METAPHYSICAL PROPERTIES

Known as the stabilizer, Agate crystal is the stone to call on for support when you need stability and grounding in your life. Along with its supportive energy, the Agate stone has long been admired for its incredible beauty.

Note: All properties listed have been collected from various sources. This information is not meant to treat medical conditions. You should always follow the advice of medical professionals per their diagnoses. Tracey’s Treasures LLC does not guarantee the validity of any of the information collected.

BLUE DRUZY AGATE

GEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES

Druzys are often a different color from the host stone, though they may be the same. Druzy stones are found all over the world, particularly in Africa, the US, Europe, and Mexico, but are found in their highest densities in Brazil.

DRUZY AGATE is a type of agate stone that is characterized by the small, crystal structure that is formed on the stone (called a druzy), which means that druzy agate crystals have a “cavity” of tiny crystals, often not much bigger than grains of sugar.

While many different types of stone may have a druzy (such as quartz), druzy agate is the only type of agate to have a druzy. Druzys are formed when mineral-filled water sits on another rock’s surface. Over time, as the water evaporates, the minerals left behind form tiny crystals. While this sounds like a fast process, it actually often takes millions of years!

METAPHYSICAL PROPERTIES

Druzy agate is primarily associated with peace, love, intuition, stress-relief, and a stronger sense of self-worth and inner strength. It is a stone that brings balance and a sense of soothing. Many people associate druzy agate with the hidden gems inside us that we so often hide under a polished exterior but should gain the inner strength to free so we can be our truest selves in our daily lives.

Note: All properties listed have been collected from various sources. This information is not meant to treat medical conditions. You should always follow the advice of medical professionals per their diagnoses. Tracey’s Treasures LLC does not guarantee the validity of any of the information collected.

BLUE SEA SEDIMENT JASPER

GEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES

Mined in Madagascar a spherulitic variety (spherulitic or spherulites is the name for the small, rounded formations you see on these crystals) of Chalcedony with Quartz and Feldspar forming the spherical (orbicular) structures. Background colors may be green, brown, cream, white, red, pink, or yellow, with orb-like inclusions in various colors and combinations.

METAPHYSICAL PROPERTIES

Blue Sea Sediment Jasper is a gemstone of stability. It is said to be a powerful protection against negative energies, and it eases emotional stresses, making it a wonderful gemstone to wear on yourself. It has been known to help dream recall and to assist in healing emotionally.

Note: All properties listed have been collected from various sources. This information is not meant to treat medical conditions. You should always follow the advice of medical professionals per their diagnoses. Tracey’s Treasures LLC does not guarantee the validity of any of the information collected.

CAT’S EYE

GEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES

Cat’s Eye is not a specific mineral, but rather a special optical effect that can be seen in a variety of minerals. When cut and polished these minerals will have a narrow band of light, known as chatoyancy, that moves from side to side when the stone is turned. This band of light is reminiscent of a cat’s vertical pupil. The topmost sources of cat’s eye are countries, like Burma, Brazil, Zimbabwe, India, and Sri Lanka. In South Africa, this optical effect is so pronounced that the minerals are elevated to Tiger’s Eye. In Zimbabwe, the same minerals that create Tiger’s Eye can be found, but the minerals are gray rather than a vivid blue, gold, or red. These stones are called Cat’s Eye or Cat’s Eye Quartz. It is a wonderful stone for patience and strength.

METAPHYSICAL PROPERTIES

Cat’s Eye is a stone of confidence and balance, and its energy is at once grounding and uplifting. It helps us to trust ourselves, our natural gifts and our life experiences. It encourages us to stand proudly in our power and to trust that everything will unfold as it should. It gives us patience and strength when life is challenging. It reminds us to view ourselves as survivors and champions, rather than victims, and to always remember that we contain true greatness within us. Cat’s Eye helps us to understand that our true spiritual life is not separated from any other part of our life. Instead they are one and the same, and a wise person acts accordingly.

CHAKRA: Base and Crown

ELEMENT: Wind

NUMEROLOGY: 6

ZODIAC: Aries, Taurus, and Capricorn

Note: All properties listed have been collected from various sources. This information is not meant to treat medical conditions. You should always follow the advice of medical professionals per their diagnoses. Tracey’s Treasures LLC does not guarantee the validity of any of the information collected.

PINK CAT’S EYE

GEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES

Pink Cat’s Eye is not a specific mineral, but rather a special optical effect that can be seen in a variety of minerals. When cut and polished these minerals will have a narrow band of light, known as chatoyancy, that moves from side to side when the stone is turned. This band of light is reminiscent of a cat’s vertical pupil. The topmost sources of cat’s eye are countries, like Burma, Brazil, Zimbabwe, India, and Sri Lanka. In South Africa, this optical effect is so pronounced that the minerals are elevated to Tiger’s Eye. In Zimbabwe, the same minerals that create Tiger’s Eye can be found, but the minerals are gray rather than a vivid blue, gold, or red. These stones are called Cat’s Eye or Cat’s Eye Quartz. It is a wonderful stone for patience and strength.

METAPHYSICAL PROPERTIES

Pink Cat’s Eye is a stone of confidence and balance, and its energy is at once grounding and uplifting. It helps us to trust ourselves, our natural gifts and our life experiences. It encourages us to stand proudly in our power and to trust that everything will unfold as it should. It gives us patience and strength when life is challenging. It reminds us to view ourselves as survivors and champions, rather than victims, and to always remember that we contain true greatness within us. Cat’s Eye helps us to understand that our true spiritual life is not separated from any other part of our life. Instead they are one and the same, and a wise person acts accordingly.

CHAKRA: Base and Crown

ELEMENT: Wind

NUMEROLOGY: 6

ZODIAC: Aries, Taurus, and Capricorn

Note: All properties listed have been collected from various sources. This information is not meant to treat medical conditions. You should always follow the advice of medical professionals per their diagnoses. Tracey’s Treasures LLC does not guarantee the validity of any of the information collected.

CUBIC ZIRCONIA

HISTORY

Cubic zirconia is a lab-grown gemstone; its most popular and common use is as a diamond simulant. Developed during the 1970s in the USSR, this sparkling stone was designed for use in military applications involving optics and lasers. This diamond look-alike, sometimes labeled "cubic zirconium" (an inaccurate nickname), soon took the world by storm.

The name itself is a contradiction. Zirconium is a metal that, in its crystal form, becomes the tetragonal gemstone zircon. Zircon itself is a zirconium silicate, while our favorite diamond simulant is a zirconium oxide. Swap out the silicon for the oxygen and guess what happens? The tetragon suddenly crystalizes as cubes instead!

And cubic zirconia is born.

GEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES

Cubic zirconia has to be manufactured. Ironically, much like the diamond it simulates, cubic zirconia is most affected by itself. To turn a zirconium silicate into a zirconium dioxide requires high levels of heat.

Cubic zirconia is a fine thermal insulator while diamond is a thermal conductor. Light dispersion is noticeably higher in CZs. In addition, cubic zirconia differs significantly from diamond in a number of other categories, including 3 of the 4 Cs: Color, Clarity and Carat:

COLOR

Cubic zirconia is typically colorless or clear, though adding a range of standardized colors is becoming easier and easier. CZs are now available in almost every color imaginable, with trace mineral impurities added to create colors. Red, orange and yellow are made with cerium, while chromium makes green and titanium creates golden brown stones. Some manufacturers also add a metal oxide film to some gems, giving them an iridescent effect--often marketed as the "mystic" finish.

CLARITY

While diamonds have natural inclusions, CZs are nearly flawless (FL to IF clarity, in diamond terms). This aids in light refraction, making them sometimes brighter and more sparkling than equivalent diamonds. The recent addition of DLC film (Diamond-Like Carbon) to some cubic zirconia stones calms the extra sparkle, making them even closer visually to diamonds.

CARAT

Cubic zirconia weighs approximately 1.7 times more than a diamond of the same size. This is one reason why they are typically measured using millimeters instead of carats.

Cubic zirconia is cut into a range of bead and gem shapes. Most faceted gem shapes follow those for precious stones (like diamond), with a pavilion, crown, girdle and table. The edges may be slightly rounded in comparison to a diamond's.

METAPHYSICAL PROPERTIES

Cubic zirconia (casually referred to as "CZ") is believed to exhibit some of the same metaphysical properties as zirconium. Zirconium oxide (the base powder used to create CZs) is abundant in lunar and asteroidal rock, as well as being a byproduct of titanium processing. Zirconium is also highly resistant to corrosion and is commonly used as alloy in artificial joints and medical implants. All of which affects the metaphysical impacts of cubic zirconia.

This stone is believed to improve focus, increase clarity, and release the ego. Called "the stone of practicality," some practitioners use it for grounding. While some users apply cubic zirconia to remove illusion and drain selfishness, others allege that the stone doesn't have any energy at all!

Cubic zirconia is a diamond simulant and has been assigned to April and the zodiac signs Aries and Taurus. It has been used with the third eye, crown, and solar plexus chakras.

Note: All properties listed have been collected from various sources. This information is not meant to treat medical conditions. You should always follow the advice of medical professionals per their diagnoses. Tracey’s Treasures LLC does not guarantee the validity of any of the information collected..

HEMALYKE

HISTORY

This shiny, metallic gray man-made material is exactly what its name says it is: Hemalyke™, a "look alike" for natural hematite--without its cost. Created to replicate the look and feel of natural hematite, Hemalyke is a brand name for this man-made material. Hemalyke and other hematine materials are frequently manufactured as magnetic beads and components.

GEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES

Hemalyke contains a range of ingredients, but is mainly composed of ferric oxide, calcium, and manganese.

METAPHYSICAL PROPERTIES

Although a manmade stone may not carry all the metaphysical values of its natural equivalent, magnetic Hemalyke has its own sought-after properties in magno-therapy.

Adherents of magno-therapy believe that magnets placed close to the body can have physical effects: promoting blood flow, relieving pain, increasing joint flexibility and other beneficial soft tissue effects. Other proponents of magnetic therapies use them to rebalance bodily energies to promote holistic health.

Note: All properties listed have been collected from various sources. This information is not meant to treat medical conditions. You should always follow the advice of medical professionals per their diagnoses. Tracey’s Treasures LLC does not guarantee the validity of any of the information collected.

HEMATITE

ATTRIBUTES

Focus, Will, Strength, Self-Esteem, Magnetism, Empowerment

HISTORY

Hematite is a crystal made of iron oxide and is an important iron ore. The stone often looks like it is metallic because of the iron content and the shine that comes with that. The most common color is black for this stone. However, it also comes in brown and reddish-brown. You can also get gray and silver colors.

GEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES

This crystal is an extremely strong stone and very durable. The structure of the stone is heavy and dense. It’s most commonly found in South Africa and in Brazil. However, it can also be found in the mountains of Switzerland and the shores of Lake Superior in Canada.

METAPHYSICAL PROPERTIES

This crystal has been used for protection for thousands of years. A hematite crystal can also keep you grounded and give you confidence. It is linked to the root chakra, meaning it can form part of your foundations and give you stability in your everyday life. The link to iron and the heavy content within the stone has led hematite to be used in connection to the blood and our circulatory system. People use it to improve their circulation, reduce high blood pressure, reduce clots, and even slow heavy menstrual periods. On the more metaphysical side, hematite is used to improve your ability to stand strong, giving you more courage and willpower. The stone can help you to break habits such as being a people pleaser and living a timid lifestyle.

Note: All properties listed have been collected from various sources. This information is not meant to treat medical conditions. You should always follow the advice of medical professionals per their diagnoses. Tracey’s Treasures LLC does not guarantee the validity of any of the information collected.

HOWLITE

ATTRIBUTES

Creative Potential, Charisma, And Self-Confidence

GEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES

Howlite is a borate mineral of calcium borosilicate hydroxide. It's typically white with grayish-black streaks throughout, though it can also be colorless/clear (which is rare). Because it's quite a porous stone, it's also commonly dyed different colors.

METAPHYSICAL PROPERTIES

CALMING - "It's typically known for helping you be able to slow down and have a sense of patience," adding that it's particularly helpful for moving through deep emotions and unrest.

CHAKRA

Along with being calming and protective, this stone has a pure energy that is associated with the crown chakra, much like clear quartz. The crown chakra relates to a spiritual connection to the divine, as well as higher consciousness, and working with Howlite can help you tap into this chakra and/or clear any blockages there.

Note: All properties listed have been collected from various sources. This information is not meant to treat medical conditions. You should always follow the advice of medical professionals per their diagnoses. Tracey’s Treasures LLC does not guarantee the validity of any of the information collected.

HOWLITE TURQUOISE

Affordable turquoise substitutes can also include matrix-free Howlite, dyed a stunning turquoise-blue. Howlite is found in continental evaporite deposits and other borate minerals in the form of nodules that resemble cauliflower. The color of turquoise-blue dyed Howlite is not permanent, so application of an artists' fixative is recommended.

Note: All properties listed have been collected from various sources. This information is not meant to treat medical conditions. You should always follow the advice of medical professionals per their diagnoses. Tracey’s Treasures LLC does not guarantee the validity of any of the information collected.

JADE

ATTRIBUTES

Financial, Reward, Decision-Making

Jadeite is most prized in its pure green variety but can be found in many colors ranging from red, pink, black, brown, white, and even violet with variations of colors overlapping one another.

HISTORY

Jadeite is one of two forms of jade. This beautiful gem is loved in jewelry for its striking green color, but jadeite gemstones were actually originally used thousands of years ago as weapons. Jade's toughness made it ideal for carving into ax heads and tools as well as ritual artifacts. It didn't take long before ancient civilizations noticed jadeite not only for its durability, but also its beauty and potential metaphysical capabilities. Central American cultures would sometimes hold jadeite against their sides to help cure ailments, which is why the Spanish called jadeite "piedra de ijada," meaning "stone for the pain in the side." On the other side of the world, the Chinese called jade "yu," meaning "heavenly" or "imperial" and has been found in the tombs of some Shang dynasty kings and other important figures. Lady Fu Hao's tomb contained 755 jade objects!

GEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES

There is more than one type of jade, but only two pure jades: nephrite and jadeite. Jadeite is the more uncommon of the two and has therefore been considered more valuable with a more vitreous luster. Jadeite is a sodium-rich pyroxene mineral that is formed by fine-grained interlocking crystals in metamorphic rocks under high pressure, but low temperatures. Pure jadeite is actually white, but the prized green hue is a result of chromium impurities. High-grade emerald-green jadeite is commonly called "Imperial Jade" and is quite rare. Burma is the main source of jadeite, including Imperial Jade. Other sources include Japan, Canada, Guatemala, Kazakhstan, Russia, Turkey, Cuba, and the United States.

METAPHYSICAL PROPERTIES

The Chinese especially valued jadeite and have used the gemstone for multiple purposes. First, jadeite gems are said to possess health-strengthening abilities and improve longevity. Jadeite bangle bracelets are said to protect the wearer and absorb negative energy. According to feng shui, jadeite can influence not only health, but prosperity. Considered a "dream stone" by ancient cultures, jade is used today to dream solve, access the spiritual realm, and encourage creativity.

Note: All properties listed have been collected from various sources. This information is not meant to treat medical conditions. You should always follow the advice of medical professionals per their diagnoses. Tracey’s Treasures LLC does not guarantee the validity of any of the information collected.

QUARTZITE

GEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES

Quartzite is a nonfoliated metamorphic rock that consists mostly of quartz. It's usually a white to pale gray rock, but occurs in other colors, including red and pink (from iron oxide), yellow, blue, green, and orange. The rock has a grainy surface with a sandpaper texture, but polishes to a glassy shine.

It paperwork while a quartz-rich sandstone is altered via the warmth, pressure, and chemical interest of metamorphism. These situations recrystallize the sand grains and the silica cement that binds them collectively. The result is a network of interlocking quartz grains of incredible power.

When sandstone is cemented to quartzite, the character quartz grains recrystallize along with the former cementing cloth to form an interlocking mosaic of quartz crystals. Most or all of the unique texture and sedimentary structures of the sandstone are erased through the metamorphism. The grainy, sandpaper-like surface turns into glassy in look. Minor amounts of former cementing substances, iron oxide, silica, carbonate, and clay, often migrate during recrystallization and metamorphosis. This causes streaks and lenses to shape in the quartzite.

METAPHYSICAL PROPERTIES

It helps prevent you from slipping back to your old state after you undergo any uplifting change, such as a healing or spiritual experience.

Note: All properties listed have been collected from various sources. This information is not meant to treat medical conditions. You should always follow the advice of medical professionals per their diagnoses. Tracey’s Treasures LLC does not guarantee the validity of any of the information collected.

PINK QUARTZITE

Dyed natural Quartzite. Not to be confused with Pink Quartz.

ATTRIBUTES:

Love and compassion.

Quartzite is a non-foliated metamorphic rock composed almost entirely of quartz. It forms when a quartz-rich sandstone is altered by the heat, pressure, and chemical activity of metamorphism. Metamorphism recrystallizes the sand grains and the silica cement that binds them together. The result is a network of interlocking quartz grains of incredible strength.

Note: All properties listed have been collected from various sources. This information is not meant to treat medical conditions. You should always follow the advice of medical professionals per their diagnoses. Tracey’s Treasures LLC does not guarantee the validity of any of the information collected.

RED (DYED) QUARTZITE

Quartzite is a non-foliated metamorphic rock composed almost entirely of quartz. It forms when a quartz-rich sandstone is altered by the heat, pressure, and chemical activity of metamorphism. Metamorphism recrystallizes the sand grains and the silica cement that binds them together. The result is a network of interlocking quartz grains of incredible strength.

Note: All properties listed have been collected from various sources. This information is not meant to treat medical conditions. You should always follow the advice of medical professionals per their diagnoses. Tracey’s Treasures LLC does not guarantee the validity of any of the information collected.

OBSIDIAN

ATTRIBUTES

Self-Confidence, Material Gain, Truth, Power Issues, Absorbs Negativity, Establishes a sense of self

HISTORY

Obsidian is a naturally occurring volcanic glass formed in swiftly cooling lava that has a high silica content. It is not considered a true mineral, as it does not have an entirely consistent chemical content and it does not form crystals.

Color in obsidian varies, depending on impurities in the parent lava formation. Golden sheen obsidian is formed when patterns of gas bubbles are aligned along layers created by the flowing lava before it solidifies.

The chemical make-up of obsidian also varies among volcanic sources--sometimes even different eruptions of the same volcano have different chemical types. This makes obsidian tools or weapons a valuable resource to archaeologists for tracking trade routes or dating graves and settlements, as their source volcano and eruption can be determined through analysis.

Obsidian was formed by the sudden cooling of molten lava, which meant it had no time to “crystallize” and it is a matte umber color when left unpolished.

GEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES

Obsidian has a conchoidal fracture pattern due to its rapid cooling, making it easy to split and flake into pieces with curved surfaces that have very sharp edges. Newly split pieces of obsidian have an extremely high luster. Obsidian is considered an extrusive rock because it usually forms above the earth's surface as a result of coming into contact with cold air or water.

Obsidian cleaves easily, flaking off into ultra-sharp fragments of glass. As such, it was used for millennia for cutting, slicing, and scraping. In Eurasia, earliest use dates back to the Neolithic age in the Levant; in the Americas, obsidian was extensively used for sophisticated surgical tools as well as weaponry up until first contact with the Spanish. Even today, it is used in surgical scalpels that are narrower and more precise than the finest surgical steel.

Significant deposits of obsidian are found in volcanic areas across the world, including Central and South America, and in North America west of the Mississippi River (as well as in Alaska and Hawaii). Yes, there's obsidian right here in Oregon.

METAPHYSICAL PROPERTIES

Golden sheen obsidian is believed, by crystal practitioners, to be particularly suitable for scrying. It is also thought to be ideal for balancing energy fields and releasing the ego. The reflective nature of obsidian makes it one of the first stones used in self-reflective meditation, internal growth, and self-understanding. The stone is not thought to give energy, but to help seekers discover where healing needs to happen.

Golden sheen obsidian is affiliated with the root chakra, though it is said to have applications to the solar plexus and third eye chakras. It is assigned to the western astrological sign Sagittarius.

Note: All properties listed have been collected from various sources. This information is not meant to treat medical conditions. You should always follow the advice of medical professionals per their diagnoses. Tracey’s Treasures LLC does not guarantee the validity of any of the information collected.

RECONSTITUTED TURQUOISE SIDEROLITE

Reconstituted Siderolite Turquoise is a dyed Man-made product that has been mixed with Siderolite. Otherwise known as “block turquoise,” composite or reconstructed turquoise is made from small pieces of turquoise that are mixed with a polymer and cast into block-shaped pieces. To achieve the effect, finely crushed turquoise and non-turquoise materials are combined to strengthen the material. The end result is labelled as a “man-made product” rather than “turquoise.

Note: All properties listed have been collected from various sources. This information is not meant to treat medical conditions. You should always follow the advice of medical professionals per their diagnoses. Tracey’s Treasures LLC does not guarantee the validity of any of the information collected.

RECONSTITUTED TURQUOISE

Reconstituted turquoise is made from ground-up turquoise such as pieces that are lost during the cutting process. There is usually very little natural stone in reconstituted turquoise, instead containing mostly resin and dyes. Otherwise known as “block turquoise,” composite or reconstructed turquoise is made from small pieces of turquoise that are mixed with a polymer and cast into block-shaped pieces. To achieve the effect, finely crushed turquoise and non-turquoise materials are combined to strengthen the material. The end result is labelled as a “man-made product” rather than “turquoise.”

Note: All properties listed have been collected from various sources. This information is not meant to treat medical conditions. You should always follow the advice of medical professionals per their diagnoses. Tracey’s Treasures LLC does not guarantee the validity of any of the information collected.

SIDEROLITE

GEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES

Stony-iron meteorites or siderolites are meteorites that consist of nearly equal parts of meteoric iron and silicates. This distinguishes them from the stony meteorites, that are mostly silicates, and the iron meteorites, that are mostly meteoric iron.

METAPHYSICAL PROPERTIES

Siderolite is a crystal of positivity, stimulating positive thoughts and ideas. Siderolite helps one to re-engage with career providing stability in employment.

Note: All properties listed have been collected from various sources. This information is not meant to treat medical conditions. You should always follow the advice of medical professionals per their diagnoses. Tracey’s Treasures LLC does not guarantee the validity of any of the information collected.

TIGER’S EYE

ATTRIBUTES

Tiger’s eye enables you to discriminate clearly between what you think you need and what you actually need

Tiger’s eye has captivated people's imaginations for centuries with its gleaming golden-brown "cat's-eye" effect, also called chatoyancy. This pseudomorphic form of quartz, with its warm, neutral color and strong energy, is purr-fect for everyone's jewelry designs.

GEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES

Tiger eye is created when quartz forms over crocidolite--a material of fine, bundled fibers similar to asbestos. (Yes, really!) These are what create the stone's distinctive chatoyant effect. As the quartz layers over and replaces the crocidolite, the iron within it dissolves and stains the quartz, resulting in the golds and browns of standard tiger eye. It is a pseudomorph of quartz: a form of quartz which has transformed from its original state.

Tiger eye is found in a range of locations: South Africa, Namibia, Australia, India and Thailand. The deposits in South Africa are so extensive, they keep this stone very affordable.

METAPHYSICAL PROPERTIES

All you have to do to know the spiritual value of tiger eye is think of its name. Tiger eye promotes clear-eyed vision, helping us see ourselves and the world better. Like the great cat it's named for, this gemstone knows the importance of being attentive to the details. Tiger eye is said to combine earth energy with light or sun energy, creating an intense stone that's also well-grounded. Tiger eye is said to enhance psychic and empathic energies, while protecting its wearer with an unblinking eye. For that reason it's also commonly used to ease the eyes through meditation, physical placement on closed lids or other methods. Tiger eye is thought to remind you to stop, look and listen before you do any leaping.

Note: All properties listed have been collected from various sources. This information is not meant to treat medical conditions. You should always follow the advice of medical professionals per their diagnoses. Tracey’s Treasures LLC does not guarantee the validity of any of the information collected.

TANZANITE BIRTHSTONE MEANING & HISTORY

Tanzanite may be a relative newcomer to the world of colored stones, but it was one of the most exciting gem discoveries of the 20th century. Blue stones emerging from Tanzania were identified as the mineral zoisite in 1962. Not until 1967, though, did prospectors locate the primary source for this December birthstone: the Merelani Hills. It was eventually named tanzanite in honor of its country of origin. The tanzanite birthstone is often described as “velvety,” mostly because of its deep and saturated color, which ranges from a pure rich blue to violet, with the blue considered most valuable.

Tiffany & Co. believed that tanzanite had international appeal and became its main distributor. In 1968, Tiffany launched a major advertising campaign to promote it. With its vivid colors, high clarity and potential for large cut stones, tanzanite quickly became a sensation. Today, it is not only a December birthstone, but it is also the gem for the 24th wedding anniversary.

WHERE IS TANZANITE FOUND

The Merelani Hills of northern Tanzania is the only place on earth where tanzanite is mined commercially. Grass-covered hillsides, scrub brush, rocky soil and an occasional tree form the local landscape. In the major mechanized operations there, thousands of workers recover tanzanite from mines dug over a 100 meters (more than 300 feet) deep into the earth. North of the mines tower the snow-covered slopes of Mount Kilimanjaro.

Note: All properties listed have been collected from various sources. This information is not meant to treat medical conditions. You should always follow the advice of medical professionals per their diagnoses. Tracey’s Treasures LLC does not guarantee the validity of any of the information collected.

ZIRCON BIRTHSTONE MEANING & HISTORY

The origins of the word “zircon” have elicited colorful debate. Some scholars believe it comes from the Arabic word zarkun, meaning “cinnabar” or “vermilion.” Others think the source is the Persian word zargun, or “gold colored.” Considering the broad color palette for this December birthstone – red, orange, yellow, brown, green and blue – either derivation seems possible. Colorless zircon is known for its brilliance and flashes of multicolored light, called fire, which have resulted in centuries of confusion with diamond.

During the Middle Ages, this December birthstone was thought to lull one into a deep sleep and scare off evil spirits. In the Hindu religion, zircon alternates with hessonite garnet as one of the nine gems of the navaratna. When worn together, the nine gems protect the wearer and bring wealth, wisdom and good health.
Victorians had a fondness for blue zircon. Fine specimens can be found in English estate jewelry from the 1880s.

WHERE IS ZIRCON FOUND?

Sri Lanka's wealth of gems is legendary: Sapphire in various colors, ruby, alexandrite, spinel, tourmaline, moonstone and quartz are some of the gem minerals unearthed there. So is the December birthstone zircon. Elahera, a region in central Sri Lanka, is one of the country’s most productive areas. Mountains, jungles and restless streams make for a dramatic landscape.

Australia’s Harts Range is known for producing zircon birthstones in yellow-brown, orangy brown, pink and purple. Go there and you’ll see open savannahs, dry stream beds and low-lying hills that meet the horizon. Zircon Hill is where this December birthstone is mined. The nearby city of Alice Springs is known for its outback culture, aboriginal art and quirky sporting events like a regatta race held in a dry river bed.

This December birthstone is often located near sapphire sources. In addition to Sri Lanka and Australia, countries where the two gems overlap include Myanmar, Vietnam and Cambodia.

Note: All properties listed have been collected from various sources. This information is not meant to treat medical conditions. You should always follow the advice of medical professionals per their diagnoses. Tracey’s Treasures LLC does not guarantee the validity of any of the information collected.

ALEXANDRITE

Alexandrite is one of three of June's Birthstones

GEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES

Alexandrite is the rare variety of the mineral chrysoberyl that changes color in different lighting. Most prized are those alexandrite birthstones that show a vivid green to bluish green in daylight or fluorescent light, and an intense red to purplish red in incandescent light. Major alexandrite deposits were first discovered in 1830 in Russia’s Ural Mountains. The gem was named after the young Alexander II (1818–1881), heir apparent to the throne. Alexandrite caught the country’s attention because its red and green colors mirrored the national military colors of imperial Russia.

When certain types of long, thin inclusions are oriented parallel to each other in this June birthstone, they can create another phenomenon, called chatoyancy or the cat’s-eye effect. Few gems are as fascinating – or as stunning – as cat’s-eye alexandrite.

The spectacular Ural Mountain deposits were eventually mined out, and now most alexandrite comes from Brazil, Sri Lanka and East Africa. The newer deposits contain some fine-quality stones, but many display less-precise color change and muddier hues than the 19th century Russian alexandrites. Because of its scarcity, especially in larger sizes, fine-quality alexandrite is one of the more expensive colored gems. You’ll still find estate jewelry set with some of the famed Ural Mountain Alexandrites. They remain the quality standard for this phenomenal gemstone.

METAPHYSICAL PROPERTIES

June is a month for celebrations, be it weddings, anniversaries, graduations or birthdays. And what better way to celebrate than with a June birthstone. Those who were born in June are lucky to have three gorgeous birthstones to choose from. Now you know how to pick one of these June birthstones for yourself or a loved one born in the month of June.

Alexandrite is also a strongly pleochroic gem, which means it can show different colors when viewed from different directions. Typically, its three pleochroic colors are green, orange, and purple-red. However, the striking color change doesn’t arise from the gem’s pleochroism, but rather from the mineral’s unusual light-absorbing properties.

Because of its scarcity, especially in larger sizes, alexandrite is a relatively expensive member of the chrysoberyl family. It shares its status as a June birthstone with cultured pearl and moonstone.

Note: All properties listed have been collected from various sources. This information is not meant to treat medical conditions. You should always follow the advice of medical professionals per their diagnoses. Tracey’s Treasures LLC does not guarantee the validity of any of the information collected.

MOONSTONE

This gem is an alternate birthstone for June, popular with Geminis and Cancers.

HISTORY

Moonstone is the best-known gem of the feldspar group of minerals. It is renowned for its adularescence, the light that appears to billow across a gemstone, giving it a special glow. The finest moonstones show a blue sheen against a colorless background. This June birthstone has been associated with both the Roman and Greek lunar deities. Hindu mythology claims that it is made of solidified moonbeams. Moonstone is often associated with love, passion and fertility; it is believed to bring great luck.

Great designers of the Art Nouveau era (1890s–1910s), such as René Lalique and Louis Comfort Tiffany, featured moonstone in their fine jewelry. The moonstone birthstone came to the forefront again during the 1960s “flower child” movement and with New Age designers of the 1990s.

GEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES

Moonstone is fairly abundant, making it an inexpensive gemstone. While its color can be similar to other stones, the distinctive shimmer makes it difficult to confuse with other materials. Moonstone faded from popularity as a jewelry-making material for centuries, before being revived by the Art Nouveau movement and, in particular, by jeweler and goldsmith René Lalique. It has retained its popularity ever since. Moonstone was designated as the state gemstone of Florida in 1970, to commemorate the Apollo moon landings which took off from Florida's Kennedy Space Center. However, there are no deposits within state borders.

Like the moon, this gemstone is found all over the world, including parts of the United States, such as New Mexico, North Carolina and Virginia. The most important world locations for the moonstone birthstone are India and Sri Lanka, but sources also include Brazil, India, Sri Lanka, Madagascar, Myanmar and Tanzania.

METAPHYSICAL PROPERTIES

Moonstone, by its very name, has been connected to the moon and to the subconscious and unconscious. Wherever we go on Earth, the moon is with us, no matter where or how far our journey takes us--which is why it was a popular stone for protecting travelers. Moonstone is also believed to encourage lucid dreaming and promote emotional openness to new experience. This openness is part of how moonstone is thought to relieve stress--by calming the mind and soothing the spirit. Gem therapists and Ayurvedic doctors even use a specific form of moonstone (called godanti) to cure anxiety and strengthen the will.

White moonstone is affiliated with the crown chakra for spiritual or psychic experiences. Women are sometimes recommended to remove moonstone during the full moon.

It is considered a birthstone for June in Tibetan lore and for September in Ayurvedic healing.

Note: All properties listed have been collected from various sources. This information is not meant to treat medical conditions. You should always follow the advice of medical professionals per their diagnoses. Tracey’s Treasures LLC does not guarantee the validity of any of the information collected.

TOPAZ BIRTHSTONE MEANING & HISTORY

The variety of topaz hues includes colorless, light blue, yellow, orange, pink, violet, brown and, very rarely, red. The vast majority of blue topaz seen today is the permanent result of treating colorless topaz with irradiation and heating. The rainbow effect seen in “Mystic Topaz” is created by coating colorless topaz with a thin artificial film.

Some believe the word “topaz” comes from the Sanskrit word tapas, which means “fire.” Others trace it back to the Greek topazos. This November birthstone was long thought to have many benefits. The ancient Greeks believed that topaz gave them strength. From the 1300s to the 1600s, Europeans thought it could thwart magic spells and dispel anger. For centuries, many people in India have believed that topaz worn above the heart assures long life, beauty and intelligence.

The distinctly pinkish orange Imperial topaz has aristocratic cachet. It is commonly believed that the name originated with the Russian royal family’s insistence on keeping the finest colors of this gem, which was mined in Russia’s Ural Mountains, exclusively for their use. An alternate explanation, especially popular in Brazil, is that it dates from an 1881 visit by Brazilian Emperor Pedro II to Ouro Preto—the town closest to Brazil’s most productive topaz mines–and the gift of a reddish topaz to him.

Blue topaz is the gem of the fourth wedding anniversary, and Imperial topaz is the gem of the 23rd wedding anniversary.

WHERE IS TOPAZ FOUND?

Minas Gerais, a state in Brazil, is one of the most important sources for high-quality topaz, which has been mined there for more than two centuries. Yellow to orange, red, pink, violet and blends of red with orange or purple are some of the colors unearthed here. The nearby town of Ouro Preto is a fitting companion. In this UNESCO world heritage site, majestic colonial churches checker the skyline and quaint cobblestone streets crisscross the city.

Northwestern Pakistan is known for producing pink topaz. Ghundao Hill, close to the small town of Katlang, has been mined since 1972. The most sought-after shade of pink topaz from Katlang has a tinge of violet, which some in the gem trade call cyclamen pink. But even at Ghundao Hill, only rarely is this fine pink November birthstone found.

Today, other major sources of this November birthstone include Namibia, Nigeria, Madagascar, Mexico, Myanmar, Sri Lanka and the United States, as well as the historic Russian localities.

Note: All properties listed have been collected from various sources. This information is not meant to treat medical conditions. You should always follow the advice of medical professionals per their diagnoses. Tracey’s Treasures LLC does not guarantee the validity of any of the information collected.

SPINEL BIRTHSTONE MEANING & HISTORY

The name “spinel” comes from the Latin word spina, which means thorn, in reference to the shape of spinel crystals. This second August birthstone comes in a wealth of colors: intense red, vibrant pink, orange, purple, violet, blue and bluish green.

For centuries, spinel was mistaken for other gemstones. Some of history’s most famous “rubies” have actually turned out to be this August birthstone. The approximately 170 ct Black Prince’s “ruby,” for example, was owned by a succession of Moorish and Spanish kings before Edward, Prince of Wales (also known as the Black Prince) received the stone in 1367 as payment for winning a battle on behalf of Peter of Castile. Not until the 18th century was spinel clearly separated from ruby on the basis of their chemical differences. Today, this historic red spinel is set in Great Britain’s Imperial State Crown, just above the 317.40 ct Cullinan II diamond.

Red spinel, along with other red gems, was thought to be a remedy for all types of blood loss and inflammatory diseases. The red gems were believed to ease anger and promote harmony. This August birthstone is traditionally given as a 22nd wedding anniversary gift.

WHERE IS SPINEL FOUND?

Today, spinel is found in several locations. Major sources include Tajikistan, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Vietnam, Tanzania and Pakistan. Some sources are known for producing spinel of arresting color, like hot pink and red spinel from Myanmar. Sri Lanka is a veritable Treasure Island of different gem species and varieties, including sapphire, ruby and garnet. Spinel is mined across the southern half of the country. Colors found there include blue, pink and purple. The lush rolling hills of the Central Highlands and river gravels in the Ratnapura District have been rich sources for centuries.

Myanmar’s Mogok Stone Tract is another prolific source, one where ruby, sapphire and other gem minerals are found along with this and the other August birthstone, peridot. Gems unearthed there are so naturally lustrous that locals call them “spirit polished.” The Luc Yen region in northern Vietnam has produced this August birthstone in deep red, purple, pink, violet and violet-blue since the 1980s, and vivid blue spinels were found there in the 2000s. Getting to the mines is an excursion. It requires a five- to six-hour drive from Hanoi and then hiking or biking for several more hours. A 2007 discovery in Tanzania of pinkish and orangy red spinel captivated gem collectors. Mines there also produce the August birthstone in purple and blue hues.

Note: All properties listed have been collected from various sources. This information is not meant to treat medical conditions. You should always follow the advice of medical professionals per their diagnoses. Tracey’s Treasures LLC does not guarantee the validity of any of the information collected.

SARDONYX BIRTHSTONE MEANING & HISTORY

The most ancient of the August birthstones, sardonyx is a combination of two types of chalcedony (cryptocrystalline quartz): sard and onyx. Bands of brownish red to brown to dark orange sard alternate with typically white or black layers of onyx. In ancient times, sardonyx was a popular stone for Roman seals and signet rings, as hot wax would not stick to it. For millennia, the bands of color in this August birthstone have made it a popular carving material for cameos and intaglios.

Sardonyx is believed to be one of the stones in the High Priest’s breastplate, as referred to in the Old Testament, and to represent the strength of spiritual life. Roman soldiers wore sardonyx rings with the image of Mars carved on them for protection in battle. Today, this August birthstone is associated with courage, happiness and clear communication, bringing stability to marriage and partnerships.

WHERE IS SARDONYX FOUND?

This August birthstone has many sources. India is notable for producing sardonyx with good contrast between the different colored layers. Sardonyx is also found in Brazil, Germany, Czechoslovakia, Madagascar, Uruguay and the United States, among other localities.

Note: All properties listed have been collected from various sources. This information is not meant to treat medical conditions. You should always follow the advice of medical professionals per their diagnoses. Tracey’s Treasures LLC does not guarantee the validity of any of the information collected.

BLOODSTONE

GEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES

Most bloodstone in the marketplace today is from India. However, the bloodstone birthstone also comes from parts of Brazil, Australia, China and the United States, among other countries. Bloodstone can be found filling fractures or cavities in other rocks or as pebbles in riverbeds.

Bloodstone, also known as heliotrope, is a variety of chalcedony (cryptocrystalline quartz) that is traditionally semi-translucent to opaque dark green jasper with red inclusions of iron oxides, especially hematite. Bloodstone’s alternate name heliotrope comes from the ancient Greek word that means “to turn the sun.” In ancient times, these March birthstones were believed to turn the sun red if they were placed in water.

METAPHYSICAL PROPERTIES

Metaphysical properties that have been attributed to this March birthstone include increasing strength, giving invisibility, and preserving health and youth. In modern times, many believe the bloodstone birthstone to be a lucky charm, as it is prized by athletes and others who want to grow their strength. Even today in India, fine bloodstones may be crushed into a powder and used as an aphrodisiac.

Although bloodstone does not share the same beauty as the aquamarine March birthstone, many prize bloodstone for its special properties. Bloodstones used as gems are typically cut as cabochons, though some striking examples are faceted.

Note: All properties listed have been collected from various sources. This information is not meant to treat medical conditions. You should always follow the advice of medical professionals per their diagnoses. Tracey’s Treasures LLC does not guarantee the validity of any of the information collected.

TOURMALINE BIRTHSTONE MEANING & HISTORY

Tourmaline is the newer October birthstone. The name comes from the Sinhalese word toramalli, which means “stone with mixed colors,” because it often has multiple colors in one crystal. Very few gems match tourmaline’s dazzling array of colors. Perhaps this is why ancient mystics believed this October birthstone could inspire artistic expression – it has a color palette for every mood. Among the most popular are the pink and red rubellites, the emerald green “chrome” tourmalines, and the neon green and blue-to-violet “paraíba” tourmalines.

Because of its vast range of colors, tourmaline was often mistaken for other gemstones One of the “rubies” in the Russian crown jewels, the “Caesar’s Ruby” pendant, is actually red (rubellite) tourmaline. A Spanish conquistador found green tourmaline crystals in Brazil in the 1500s and confused the stones with emerald. These and other cases of mistaken identity continued for centuries until scientists recognized tourmaline as a distinct mineral species in the 1800s.

Different colors of tourmaline are thought to have their own healing properties. Black tourmaline is believed to protect the wearer and give a sense of self-confidence. Pink tourmaline embodies love and is associated with compassion and gentleness. Green tourmaline promotes courage, strength and stamina. Tourmaline is given to celebrate the eighth wedding anniversary.

WHERE IS TOURMALINE FOUND?

This October birthstone is most commonly found in Brazil, but it is also mined in Afghanistan, Pakistan, Kenya, Madagascar and Mozambique (among other countries in Africa). California and Maine are historically important producers of fine tourmaline in the United States.

Most of the tourmaline mined in Brazil over the centuries comes from pegmatites in the state of Minas Gerais. These subterranean intrusions of magma are the source of a virtual kaleidoscope of gem minerals. In the late 1980s, however, electric green, blue and violet tourmalines entered the gem market from pegmatites in Brazil’s Paraíba State. Scientists found that the intense colors were caused by trace amounts of copper, which had previously not been recorded as a coloring agent in any other tourmaline. In the early 2000s, Paraíba-type copper-bearing tourmalines were also discovered in Mozambique and Nigeria. Overall, prices for the best Paraíba and Paraíba-type tourmalines easily surpass other tourmalines due to their vivid hues, higher color saturation and greater rarity. In the United States, both Southern California and Maine host several pegmatite districts. For more than a century, they have sporadically yielded large quantities of tourmaline.

Maine’s first major tourmaline deposit was discovered in 1820 at Mount Mica in Paris, by two young boys exploring the local area. Even today, a quarry at Mount Mica intermittently produces various colors of gem tourmaline. The Dunton mine, near Plumbago Mountain, is the most prolific producer of tourmaline in Maine.

In 1898, California’s first commercial tourmaline mine opened at the Himalaya pegmatite in the Mesa Grande district – famed for the production of fine rubellite. To feed Empress Dowager Cixi’s obsession with the vibrant color, San Diego mines sent 120 tons of gem rubellite to Imperial China between 1902 and 1910. With the death of Cixi in 1908 and the subsequent overthrow of the Qing dynasty, the heyday of tourmaline mining in California ended. Today, only a few mines in San Diego County occasionally produce gem-quality tourmaline.

Note: All properties listed have been collected from various sources. This information is not meant to treat medical conditions. You should always follow the advice of medical professionals per their diagnoses. Tracey’s Treasures LLC does not guarantee the validity of any of the information collected.

EMERALD

Emerald is the traditional birthstone for May but is also associated with the Cancer zodiac.

ANNIVERSARY

Emerald is the 20th and 35th wedding anniversary gift.

ATTRIBUTES

Wisdom, Inspiration, Inner Richness

HISTORY

The name emerald comes from the Sanskrit word “marakata," which means spring green. Many legends and stories surround this magnificent and powerful stone. The Chaldeans, a kingdom of Biblical times, believed emeralds contained Ishtar, their goddess of love and war. In the Middle East, an emerald amulet would often be engraved with a verse from sacred religious texts. Ancient Egyptians believed the green color of emerald represented fertility and rebirth. They would commonly carve emerald scarabs and place them at the heart of a mummy to make the deceased's health flourish in the afterlife. In some legends, the Holy Grail used by Christ at the last supper was made from a giant emerald. Later, the emerald grail was used to collect his blood dripping from the cross, imbuing the grail with fantastic and holy powers. Mystical or Tibetan birthstone charts place emerald as the January stone, Polish and Russian birthstones say emerald is the May stone while according to ancient Hebrew birthstones, the emerald belongs to June.

GEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES

Emeralds can be found all over the world, including countries in South America, Africa, the Middle East and Russia. Emerald gemstones are a variety of beryl, which is the same mineral grouping as aquamarine. Genuine emeralds may include inclusions--referred to as "Jardin," a French word that means garden--which can cloud the stone. These inclusions are not considered flaws and indicate an emerald is genuine, not created in a lab.

METAPHYSICAL PROPERTIES

This mesmerizing stone's velvety green color is unmistakable. The rich color is renowned as the color of spring and has long been a symbol of romance, hope and rebirth. As the precious gem associated with the goddess Venus, emerald is also commonly believed to aid in fertility. Throughout history, emeralds have often been associated with various goddesses of love and beauty, such as Venus. Emeralds were commonly believed to protect lovers from unfaithfulness. If the heart remained loyal, the gem would glow a beautiful green color, but it was thought that if a lover's heart went astray, the green color would lose its luster and rich color. It was believed that wearing an emerald would improve memory and increase intuitive intelligence, enabling you to think clearly about the past, present, and future. Emeralds are believed to be encouraging, calming, and balancing because of their color. They are also thought to promote creativity and restore optimistic hope in dreams and visions. They are thought to bring good fortune and are often seen in the cash boxes of business owners who seek to prosper in their endeavors.

Note: All properties listed have been collected from various sources. This information is not meant to treat medical conditions. You should always follow the advice of medical professionals per their diagnoses. Tracey’s Treasures LLC does not guarantee the validity of any of the information collected.

AQUAMARINE

Aquamarine and Bloodstone are the two birthstones for March. One evokes blue skies and calming waters while the other represents health and strength.

ATTRIBUTES

Intuition, Foresight

HISTORY

Aquamarine, a splendid blue gemstone whose name originates from the Italian word for seawater, embodies the splendor of the sea. A member of the beryl family, aquamarine is a sister to the rich green emerald. It can be found in a range of pale blue hues and aqua green colors.

GEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES

Aquamarine is a beryl--a relatively rare silicate mineral found in igneous and metamorphic rocks around the world--and a blue-green sister to the deep green emerald. Aquamarine gems are frequently less included or fractured than emeralds, making larger stones easier to find. The natural blue and green colors of aquamarine come from ferrous iron and metallic ions. Aquamarine gemstones are found in a number of exotic places including Nigeria, Madagascar, Zambia, Pakistan and Mozambique, and the most brilliant blue varieties of the gemstones available today come from Brazil.

METAPHYSICAL PROPERTIES

In the language of gemstones, aquamarine represents happiness, hope and everlasting youth. In ancient times, aquamarine was thought to protect those at sea. Today, aquamarine is still thought to bring protection to those at sea and is a popular gift among ocean travelers. On land, it is believed to have soothing effects on couples, helping them to work through their differences and ensure a long and happy marriage. That power makes it an excellent stone to give on anniversaries. It is also considered to be the stone of courage and preparedness and is believed to help maintain balance and order. Aquamarine is often used as a "good luck" stone, thought to bring feelings of peace, love, joy and happiness to those who wear it. There is an energizing quality to aquamarine that provides harmony and balance. If you dream of aquamarine, it is said that you will make new friends, and wearing earrings of aquamarine are thought to bring love and affection into your life.

Note: All properties listed have been collected from various sources. This information is not meant to treat medical conditions. You should always follow the advice of medical professionals per their diagnoses. Tracey’s Treasures LLC does not guarantee the validity of any of the information collected.

AMETHYST

Amethyst is the birthstone for the month of February

GEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES

Amethyst is a naturally-occurring macrocrystalline (meaning large crystal formations) variety of quartz that usually grows on the inside of agate geodes. Geodes containing amethyst crystals are formed when clay, silt, sand, or gravel are deposited and compacted by running water. While the crystals themselves may grow to be several inches, the geodes containing the amethyst crystals often reach several feet in height. Some of the largest amethyst geodes have been found in Brazil. Other locations where amethyst is mined include Sri Lanka, India, Uruguay, Madagascar, Germany, Australia, Mexico, Africa, Russia, and the United States.

METAPHYSICAL PROPERTIES

Because purple is the color associated with wealth and prosperity, amethyst is still considered a prosperous stone. With purple dye being the royal choice in the ancient Mediterranean, the amethyst quickly became associated with wealth and power. It traditionally adorned the robes and crowns of rich and powerful monarchs, being viewed as equal in value to ruby, emerald and sapphire. Keep this wealthy stone close to your purse strings--literally! Because of the myth of its origins, this stone has been believed to prevent drunkenness and have the power to quell a range of other physical appetites and indulgences. This sobering effect is also believed to clarify mental acuity, improving the decision-making ability of those who wear it. Healers have been using amethyst to increase their psychic abilities and intuition for centuries. Cross-culturally, this popular gemstone was used as a symbol of peace and unification. It is also thought to evoke feelings of serenity and calmness in those who wear it. Amethyst is often used during meditation to provide an overall sense of spiritual balance. Some naturopaths will use amethyst to help treat insomnia and sugar imbalances, and to relieve headaches.

Note: All properties listed have been collected from various sources. This information is not meant to treat medical conditions. You should always follow the advice of medical professionals per their diagnoses. Tracey’s Treasures LLC does not guarantee the validity of any of the information collected.

GARNET

Garnet is the official birthstone for the month of January.

HISTORY

The deep, glossy red color of garnet resembles the juicy seeds of a pomegranate, which is perhaps why its name is derived from the Latin word granatum, meaning pomegranate seed. In Greek mythology, a pomegranate was often given as a gift of passion and associated with eternal love.

GEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES

Garnet is a name used to describe a diverse group of silicate minerals that include almandine, pyrope, spessartine, grossular, andradite, Mozambique and uvarovite. The deep wine-red color of almandine garnet results from iron and chromium and the name "garnet" tends to apply to this variety. However, garnets are found in other colors, some of which have their own Gem Note entries:

Demantoid (olive green to emerald green)
Grossular (yellow)
Hessonite (orange to orange-brown)
Leuco-garnet (colorless)
Melanite (extremely dark red to black)

Pyrope (pale pink to medium red)
Rhodolite (pale red to purplish)
Spessartite (orange to orange-red)
Topazolite (yellow)
Tsavorite (green to emerald green)
Uvarovite (green)

Garnets are found in metamorphic and igneous rocks. They form under extremely high temperatures and pressure. Garnet deposits are found in Africa, India, Russia, South America, Madagascar, Pakistan, and the United States.

METAPHYSICAL PROPERTIES

Garnet symbolizes a quick return to a separated love, fertility and feminine life force. A garnet stone is often gifted to a loved one before they embark on travel. Garnets are commonly believed to aid in the healing of broken bonds of love. Garnets are also known to aid in the treatment of melancholy and depression by acting as a heart and blood stimulant. Garnet is thought to be extremely beneficial in the realm of business. The stone can attract people to the wearer, which can help provide personal and business success. It is especially beneficial to people wanting to start home businesses. It is also said to symbolize protection, friendship, trust, commitment and love.

Note: All properties listed have been collected from various sources. This information is not meant to treat medical conditions. You should always follow the advice of medical professionals per their diagnoses. Tracey’s Treasures LLC does not guarantee the validity of any of the information collected.

Diamond is the traditional birthstone for the month of April

and is heralded as the stone of purity and constancy. But like the Diamond, Cubic Zirconia's most popular and common use is as a diamond simulant or substitute.

ANNIVERSARY

Diamond is traditionally the gemstone used to celebrate the 60th and 75th anniversaries. In modern times, it has been used to mark the 10th and 30th anniversaries.

ATTRIBUTES

Fortitude, Fearlessness, Empowerment, Abundant Beginnings

HISTORY

The word "diamond" comes from the ancient Greek word "adamas," meaning unbreakable, unchangeable, or invincible. Diamonds are believed to be used as a gemstone in India for more than 3,000 years--possibly even 6,000 years! Craftsmen in Stone Age China used diamonds to polish ceremonial axes left in graves. These days, low-quality diamonds are still used in industrial companies for cutting and polishing, but the most common and recognized use for the diamond is in jewelry. The origins of rough diamonds can be certified via the Kimberley Process Certification, to help ensure conflict-free material. Rough diamonds cannot be imported into Kimberley Process nations without that certification. Learn more about the Kimberley Process Certification Scheme (KPCS). Diamonds may be everything from a girl's best friend or coal that stuck to its job--either way it's a gemstone with a mystique all its own. As a gemstone, diamond has remained a symbol of stability and dependability in an ever-changing world. Made of carbon, the most common material on the planet, diamond is a stone with a range of colors that is most often valued for its colorlessness. From its use in religious icons in ancient India to the glittering Hope diamond necklace in the Smithsonian, this gemstone has captured the human imagination for millennia.

GEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES

Diamonds are found in kimberlite pipes, which are the roots of ancient volcanos in the continental plate. Diamonds are often found with other kimberlite-based gemstones such as garnet, serpentine, diopside, peridot, calcite and spinel. Diamonds are also seen in alluvial deposits, which are usually the eroded remains of kimberlite pipes. Diamonds are found in many areas around the world, including South Africa, India, Russia, Brazil, Australia, Canada, and the state of Arkansas in the USA. Compressed and heated by immense forces, diamonds are formed deep in the mantle of the planet before being brought to the surface by powerful volcanic and geological activity. There are also types of diamond (called carbonado, lonsdaleite or hexagonal diamond) found in meteorites, though these are usually very small and can have a different atomical structure than planet-formed diamond. Diamond tops many mineral property lists, making it an ideal industrial material. Diamond is the only ten on the Mohs Hardness Scale, making it the ultimate cutting and polishing tool. It is inert to chemicals, meaning it does not react to acids or other materials. It has the greatest thermal conductivity known, so that a sizeable stone held in the hand feels cold--which is why one of the slang words for diamonds is "ice." Diamond has the highest melting point and highest refractive ability of any natural mineral, as well as the most dense atomical structure. It is also transparent over the greatest number of wavelengths (from infrared to ultraviolet). Diamonds are graded according to the quality of cut, clarity, color, and carat. Known as the Four Cs, these four points determine the value of a particular stone:

Cut: the shape of the cut stone and how well that cut showcases the stone.

Clarity: the clearness of the cut stone and how the absence of impurities adds to the reflective ability of the diamond.
Color: refers to the colorlessness of a standard diamond. A fancy (or colored) diamond tends to be graded on the quality of its color, rather than its colorlessness or carat weight. Stones with intense, even colors will often be cut to emphasize the color of the stone, rather than its sparkle. Extremely rare colors such as blue, pink, orange or red add high value to a naturally formed diamond.
Carat: refers to the weight of the cut stone, not the size. Larger diamonds are rarer, so larger diamonds are more valuable per carat than smaller stones of the same quality.

METAPHYSICAL PROPERTIES

Beyond their modern representations as the stone of marriage and commitment, diamonds have also represented faithfulness, purity and innocence. It is thought to be the gemstone of the intellect, preventing misunderstandings (romantic and otherwise). Diamonds are also believed to provide clarity of thought, encouraging the resolution of problems which comes with clear understanding. It is believed that diamonds can help activate the crown chakra, enhancing the connection between mind and body while detaching the mind from unwanted patterns. Fancy (or colored) diamonds are believed to have additional attributes related to their colors:

Yellow diamond: Increase thoughtfulness and consideration of others.

Blue diamond: Increase willpower and inspire greater care for personal health.

Pink diamond: Increase creativity.

Black diamond: Decrease self-delusion.

Note: All properties listed have been collected from various sources. This information is not meant to treat medical conditions. You should always follow the advice of medical professionals per their diagnoses. Tracey’s Treasures LLC does not guarantee the validity of any of the information collected.

DIAMONDS

CITRINE

Citrine and Topaz are the two birthstones for November. Both are fairly abundant making them affordably priced. These two November birthstones are known for their calming energies and can be found around the world.

CITRINE ATTRIBUTES:

Abundance, Reward, Optimism, Self-expression, Enthusiasm, Creativity.

HISTORY:

Its name is derived from the Latin word citrina because of its pale-yellow citrus color (due to its iron content). From the earliest of times, citrine was called the "sun stone" and the gemstone was thought capable of holding sunlight and useful in the protection from snakebites. It was thought to improve communication and to attract wealth.

GEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES:

Citrine is a macrocrystalline form of quartz, as are amethyst, aventurine and rose quartz. It is a mineral based on silicon dioxide. Natural citrines are rare. Gem-quality transparent specimens of citrine with good color are very rare. The best examples come from Brazil, Madagascar, and the former USSR. The stone is also found in Colorado, Spain, France, and Scotland. Deposits of natural-colored citrine have been mined in Brazil, the leading producer, as well as the United States, Madagascar, Argentina, Myanmar (Burma), Namibia, Russia, Scotland, and Spain. Due to its color, citrine is sometimes confused with yellow topaz, yellow beryl, and yellow tourmaline. Like other members of the quartz family, citrine crystal veins typically form from molten magma or from a mineral solution in the rock deposited through precipitation.

METAPHYSICAL PROPERTIES:

Citrine has been referred to as the "success stone," "merchant's stone" or "money stone." Because of its yellow color, citrine is thought of as a joyous stone with sunshiny energy to brighten up the lives of those who work with it and wear it. The color of the solar plexus chakra is yellow, so citrine is associated with this chakra. It is thought to have a positive influence that can relieve backache and combat depression, negative energy and problems with the liver, spleen, digestive system, and the bladder.

Note: All properties listed have been collected from various sources. This information is not meant to treat medical conditions. You should always follow the advice of medical professionals per their diagnoses. Tracey’s Treasures LLC does not guarantee the validity of any of the information collected.

BLUE TOPAZ

Blue topaz is one of the accepted modern birthstones for December.

HISTORY

Although most natural topaz is actually colorless, ancient lovers of gemstones assigned the name to almost any yellow and brown gemstone. The name itself likely comes from an island in the Red Sea, which the Greeks called Topazos (it's now named Zabargad). The stone we modernly call "topaz" was never found on Topazos, but other gems--called "topaz" by ancient peoples without mineralogy--certainly were.

GEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES

Topaz is a hard stone with a range of natural colors, with some colors being more valuable. In fact, the value of some topaz is based on their depth of color, not their carat weight! This aluminum silicate stone contains up to 20% fluorine or water (which determines its color) and often grows into large crystals. The largest topaz, now in the Museum of Natural History in New York, weighs 600 pounds!

Blue topaz--created by flooding a colorless topaz with gamma rays-- is tremendously popular. As long as the gemstone is clearly marked during sale, this is considered a legitimate practice. (All topaz in the U.S. must be tested for radiation levels--a precaution not required in other nations.) Topaz treated in this way is reminiscent of fine aquamarine, with a delicate blue color that occasionally displays a grey or green undertone.

Topaz is currently found in Brazil, Nigeria, Australia, Myanmar and Mexico.

METAPHYSICAL PROPERTIES

Topaz is considered a mellow, empathic stone that soothes, heals, recharges and re-centers its wearers. Associated with compassion and communication, it's a preferred stone to wear for "building bridges" between people. Blue topaz, in particular, is believed to promote truth and forgiveness, relaxing the spirit as well as the body. Those who use meditation advocate it as a splendid stone for attuning to their higher self.

Topaz of any color is often used to strengthen emotional support, stabilizing the emotions and making the wearer receptive to love from every source. It is believed to unburden the soul of arrogance and calmly verbalize in emotional situations.

Note: All properties listed have been collected from various sources. This information is not meant to treat medical conditions. You should always follow the advice of medical professionals per their diagnoses. Tracey’s Treasures LLC does not guarantee the validity of any of the information collected.

LAPIS LAZULI

HISTORY

Lapis lazuli is one of the oldest opaque gemstones in history--more than 6,500 years! This rich blue stone includes tiny flecks of mica, like a night sky full of stars. Its most well-known source is deep in the mountains of modern Afghanistan.

This stone's two-part name comes from two different cultures: lapis is a Latin word meaning "stone," while lazuli comes from the Persian word lazhuward, meaning "blue." It is not an element nor a mineral--it is a rock containing multiple minerals: lazurite, diopside, calcite, pyrite and more.

GEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES

Lapis lazuli is an intensely blue stone made of a deep blue lazurite, cloudy white calcite, sparkly pyrite and other minerals. This beautiful mixture of textures gives lapis lazuli its characteristic look.

Lapis lazuli is found with limestone or as separate boulders. Stones from what is now modern Afghanistan and Pakistan are still considered to be of the best quality. Argentina also produces a premium deep blue variety. Lapis lazuli is found in the USA and Canada and less intense blue examples are found in Chile and in the former USSR.

METAPHYSICAL PROPERTIES

The Sumerians believed that the spirit of their gods lived within the stone, while the ancient Egyptians saw it as a symbol of the night sky. Since the earliest of times, lapis lazuli has been associated with royalty, strength and courage, wisdom and intellect, friendship and truth.

From antiquity, lapis lazuli has been worn in the belief that it will ward off evil. In ancient Egypt, it was powdered and worn about the eyes to improve eyesight. Today, it is considered by some to be an aid to balancing the brow chakra (which influences vision and hearing). Imbalances of the brow (or blue) chakra are said to cause headaches, anxiety and disorders of the skin.

Note: All properties listed have been collected from various sources. This information is not meant to treat medical conditions. You should always follow the advice of medical professionals per their diagnoses. Tracey’s Treasures LLC does not guarantee the validity of any of the information collected.

BLUE ZIRCON

Blue Zircon is another gemstone for the month of December

HISTORY

With an Australian specimen dating back approximately 4 billion years, zircon is one of the oldest minerals on Earth. The name zircon most likely derives from the Persian word, "zargun" meaning gold colored. Zircon gemstones were a popular choice for jewelry in the Victorian era when they were used as a popular diamond substitute. They are found in heirloom jewelry dating from the 1880s. It is a birthstone for December, along with turquoise and tanzanite.

GEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES

Zircon is a transparent to semi-transparent silicate. Its crystal structure is tetragonal, a short, stocky four-sided prism with a pyramid end. It can contain uranium and have a slight fluorescence. The minimal radioactivity is said to pose no health hazards. Zircon is found as small crystals in metamorphic and igneous rocks, and as alluvial grains in sedimentary rocks.

Zircon comes in many colors and is a gem loved for its high refractive index, which gives it intense brilliance. Zircon has a rare optical quality called birefringence, or double refraction. When light passes through zircon, its rays split in two directions. This gives a high refractive index, a brilliant sheen and fire characterized by flashes of multi-colored light. Its luster is vitreous.

Zircon stones can have trace amounts of uranium and thorium. These elements cause a process which breaks down the internal crystal structures. Zircon is classified into high, medium or low categories depending on its optical properties. High zircons with prominent crystal structures and little or no damage from radiation are utilized in gemstone jewelry. Medium zircons have some radiation-induced damage. Low zircons have substantial crystal damage and in extreme cases are amorphous, meaning the crystal structure is practically gone. This produces a rare green "low" zircon that is sought after by collectors. Although the crystalline structure is gone, it still exhibits the fire.

Gray-brown and red zircons are the most common, although they can also be found in yellow, orange, violet, blue and green. The colors are a result of impurities during the formation of the stone. Most zircons are heat treated to stabilize and bring out the vibrant colors. To get the most popular colorless and blue color, naturally colored zircon is heated to temperatures of 1472-1852°F. Trade names include "Starlight" for blue zircons, "Hyacinth" for yellow and yellow-red varieties, and "Jargon" for the straw-colored stones. "Mataura diamond" is the name for the colorless heat-treated specimens used as brilliant diamond substitutes. Rose and rose-orange stones from Tanzania and the orange brown from Cambodia are not enhanced.

Zircon is found around the world on all continents. Most is mined in Australia and Asia. In the United States, zircon is mined in Georgia, Virginia, North Carolina and Florida.

METAPHYSICAL PROPERTIES

Zircon is associated with all the chakras. It is used by crystal healers to alleviate physical and mental ailments. Beneficial properties include reducing fevers, soothing pains, relieving stomach cramps, asthma, lung problems and menstrual pains. Zircon is believed to stimulate the liver and is helpful for people detoxing from nicotine, alcohol and other substances. It is said to balance the adrenal glands when stressed or overtaxed at work. In the metaphysical world, it is valued as a cure for both nightmares and insomnia as it promotes restful sleep.

Mentally, zircon helps deal with loss and grief, as well as boosts passion for life and work. Zircon is used to aid in meditation and developing psychic intuition. It is said to clear negative energy and has a protective aura. Other properties attributed to zircon are that it can attract wisdom, success, honor and wealth. Zircon is also credited with helping one become more organized.

Specific colors of zircon are said to have unique properties:

Blue zircon is said to help build relationships and self-confidence
Colorless is good for mental purification and meditation
Pink zircon attracts romance, new love and harmony

Note: All properties listed have been collected from various sources. This information is not meant to treat medical conditions. You should always follow the advice of medical professionals per their diagnoses. Tracey’s Treasures LLC does not guarantee the validity of any of the information collected.

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